Energy Efficient Communication for Wireless Sensor Networks

MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) technology is enabling the development of low-cost, autonomous wireless sensor nodes with energy consumption of various components. In wireless sensor network, the deployments of small sensor nodes are usually inaccessible to the user, and thus replacement of the energy source is not feasible as per battery powered. Hence, energy efficiency is a key design issue that improves the life span of the network. A homogeneous sensor network consists of identical sensor nodes, while a heterogeneous sensor network consists of two or more types of sensor nodes (organized into hierarchical clusters). We proposed several network layer protocols to improve the effective lifetime of a network with a limited energy supply. We classified sensor network as per clustering. The simulation results of energy consumption prove that the performance of the heterogeneous sensor networks and the homogeneous sensor networks.